强韧大豆蛋白-明胶凝胶电解质的制备及其应用OA

Using soy protein isolate(SPI)and gelatin(GL)as raw materials,the Hofmeister effect triggered by zinc acetate(ZnAc2)was employed to achieve synergistic structural regulation,i.e.,inducing the formation of dense clusters of SPI particles as well as driving the salting-out and self-assembly of GL macromolecules into hydrophobic domains.Based on this dual-assembly mechanism,a robust SPI-GL gel electrolyte with a hierarchical composite structure featuring with a uniformly entangled hydrophobic network and a hydrogen-bonded crosslinking network was successfully constructed.Structural and performance analyses show that the SPI-GL-0.4 gel electrolyte(prepared with 0.4 g SPI and 2 g GL)exhibits optimal properties:fracture stress of 0.99 MPa,fracture strain of 504%,and fracture energy of 5 447.59 J/m2.Moreover,the hydration between inorganic salt ions introduced by the Hofmeister effect and water molecules endows the gel electrolyte with excellent anti-freezing performance,maintaining a high ionic conductivity of 4.60 mS/cm even at-40℃.Meanwhile,the SPI-GL-0.4 gel electrolyte demonstrates good adhesion to Zn metal(shear strength of 540.66 kPa,interfacial adhesion toughness of 129.4 J/m2),achieving favorable interfacial compatibility with Zn metal.The overpotential of the assembled Zn|SPI-GL-0.4|Zn cell remains stable during 100 h of cycling.The zinc-ion hybrid capacitor assembled with this gel electrolyte exhibits outstanding electrochemical performance(capacitance of 130.1 mA·h/g at25℃)and stable capacitive behavior at low temperatures.Specifically,the Zn|SPI-GL-0.4|AC hybrid capacitor delivers a capacitance of 22.1 mA·h/g,an energy density of 21 W·h/kg,and a power density of 326.8 W/kg at-40℃under a current density of 1 A/g.