沼液、生物炭和双氰胺施用对温室番茄根系性状、产量及土壤温室气体排放的影响OA

To explore the effects of biogas slurry,biochar,and dicyandiamide application on the growth,yield,and greenhouse gas emissions of greenhouse tomatoes,seven fertilization treatments were applied under equal nitrogen input conditions from August to December 2023.These treatments included conventional fertilization(CK1),single application of biogas slurry(CK2),0.5%biochar+biogas slurry(T1),2%biochar+biogas slurry(T2),dicyandiamide+biogas slurry(T3),0.5%biochar+biogas slurry+dicyandiamide(T4),and 2%biochar+biogas slurry+dicyandiamide(T5).The study analyzed the effects of these treatments on tomato root traits,yield,irrigation water use efficiency,nitrogen fertilizer partial productivity,and soil greenhouse gas emissions,and performed a comprehensive evaluation using the grey relational analysis method.The results indicated that different fertilization treatments significantly affected tomato root traits(P<0.05),with the T5 treatment showing the best performance in root length,average diameter,total surface area,total volume,and root vitality,achieving the highest yield(139 260.0 kg/hm2).Additionally,the T5 treatment demonstrated the highest irrigation water use efficiency(47.538 kg/m3)and nitrogen fertilizer partial productivity(357.08 kg/kg).Greenhouse gas emission analysis indicated that CO2,N2O,and CH4 fluxes during the entire tomato growth cycle exhibited a"rise-then-fall"trend.Among the treatments,T5 demonstrated the most outstanding performance in reducing N2O and CH4 emissions,showing decreases of 30.07%and 16.99%,respectively,compared with CK1.In contrast,T2 had the highest CO2 emissions.Through AHP-entropy-weighted combination and grey relational analysis,the T5 treatment showed the highest grey relational degree,highlighting its comprehensive advantages in improving root traits,reducing greenhouse gas emissions,and enhancing tomato yield.In conclusion,the T5 treatment(2%biochar+biogas slurry+dicyandiamide)can be recommended as an effective mode for achieving high yield,high efficiency,and emission reduction in greenhouse tomato cultivation.