相变储热技术在智慧温室热管理中的应用研究进展OA

Traditional greenhouses are often challenged by low nighttime temperatures in winter,large diurnal temperature fluctuations,strong thermal-load variations,and temporal mismatch be-tween heat supply and demand,which have become key constraints on low-carbon and stable produc-tion in protected agriculture.Phase change thermal storage materials can absorb and release latent heat within a specific phase-transition temperature range,and are characterized by high thermal stor-age density,strong temperature-buffering capacity,and great potential for integration with low-carbon energy systems such as solar thermal collectors and heat pumps.Aiming at the deficiencies of the ex-isting studies,which have mainly focused on material classification or single energy-saving applica-tions,with insufficient systematic discussion of thermal management equipment for smart green-houses,this review follows the framework of material performance,encapsulation and modification,equipment configuration,system coupling,and intelligent regulation.It summarizes thermal storage mechanisms,material categories,thermophysical-property evaluation,modification and encapsula-tion strategies of low-and medium-temperature phase change materials,as well as their applications in embedded,standalone,and multi-source complementary greenhouse thermal management equip-ment.The functional differences among various application forms are compared in terms of tempera-ture stabilization and insulation,peak shaving and valley filling,heat-source buffering,and system scheduling.Key bottlenecks are further identified,including insufficient thermal conductivity,super-cooling and phase separation,poor cycling reliability,difficulty in online monitoring of the thermal storage state,and inadequate intelligent control strategies.Finally,future development directions are proposed from four aspects:agriculture-oriented phase change materials,modular thermal manage-ment equipment,multi-source coupled energy systems,and integrated sensing-prediction-optimization control.This review aims to provide a reference for the engineering application of phase change thermal storage technology in solar greenhouses in cold northern regions,high-value crop pro-duction,and low-carbon protected agriculture.