陕甘宁3个地方黄牛群体Y染色体基因组遗传多样性与父系起源研究OA

This study aimed to investigate the Y-chromosome genetic diversity and paternal origins of Qin-chuan cattle,Zaosheng cattle,and Guyuan cattle at the whole-genome level,and to provide a scientific basis for the conservation and utilization of genetic resources of the three indigenous cattle populations in Shaanxi,Gansu and Ningxia region.The Y-chromosome genomic diversity of 15 Qinchuan cattle,12 Zao-sheng cattle and 14 Guyuan cattle was analyzed using bioinformatics method,and a phylogenetic tree and a haplotype network were constructed.The results indicated that a total of 2 005 Y-chromosome single nucleo-tide polymorphisms(Y-chromosomal single nucleotide polymorphisms,Y-SNPs)were identified,and 10 Y-chromosome haplotypes(Hap)were detected.Among them,Hap1(12/41)and Hap3(15/41)were the most prevalent haplotypes.Analysis of Y-chromosome genomic diversity showed that Guyuan cattle exhibi-ted the highest haplotype diversity(0.846±0.070),followed by Zaosheng cattle(0.682±0.102),while Qin-chuan cattle had the lowest(0.514±0.116).The nucleotide diversity of Qinchuan cattle(0.117±0.098)was the highest,followed by Guyuan cattle(0.067±0.015),and the lowest in Zaosheng cattle(0.015±0.007).Phylogenetic tree and haplotype network analyses revealed that Qinchuan cattle contained two Y-chromo-some haplogroups,Y2b(93.33％)and Y3a(6.67％);Zaosheng cattle contained two Y chromosome haplo-groups,Y1(8.33％)and Y2b(91.67％);Guyuan cattle contained three Y chromosome haplogroups,Y1(7.14％),Y2a(28.57％),and Y2b(64.29％),with the Y2b haplogroup occupying a dominant position in all three cattle populations.In conclusion,Qinchuan cattle,Zaosheng cattle,and Guyuan cattle possess rich paternal genetic diversity and are primarily originating from taurine cattle lineages,with only one individual in Qinchuan cattle originating from indicine.