原位工况(Operando)表征技术在固体氧化物电池中的应用OA

Solid oxide cells(SOCs)enable efficient conversion between chemical and electrical energy,offering advantages such as low cost,scalability,low emissions,and broad fuel flexibility.These attributes drive extensive research and application within the energy sector.To advance solid oxide cell materials and processes for practical implementation,understanding the mechanisms governing dynamic changes under real operating conditions(e.g.,reaction atmospheres,high temperatures,current/voltage,polarization,etc.)is crucial.Operando characterization overcomes the indirect limitations of traditional non-in-situ characterization,enabling direct observation of the dynamic response mechanisms of materials under real-world operating conditions,thus facilitating the analysis of the correlation between structure,performance,and catalytic processes.This paper reviews the application of advanced characterization techniques,including operando X-ray diffraction,Raman spectroscopy,and X-ray absorption spectra,in analyzing the structural and interfacial dynamic evolution of cell materials under solid oxide cell operating conditions.It explores key advances in Operando characterization for analyzing critical solid oxide cell material properties(such as phase transitions,redox processes,surface segregation,defect chemistry,and degradation)and interfacial reaction kinetics,emphasizing its vital role in achieving molecular-level understanding of electrochemical reactions.Finally,it outlines the limitations of existing Operando characterization in solid oxide cell systems and future development directions.By systematically reviewing the applications and prospects of Operando characterization in solid oxide cell research,this work aims to provide theoretical references and technical guidance for the design of related materials and mechanism elucidation.