职业女性妊娠期高血压和妊娠糖尿病的发病特点及危险因素分析OA

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and associated risk factors of pregnancy-induced hypertension(PIH)and gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)in working women,with a particular focus on the potential impact of occupational factors on maternal health during pregnancy.Methods This cross-sectional study included a total of 231 pregnant women,consisting of a healthy group(n=92),a PIH group(n=68),and a GDM group(n=71).The researchers recruited participants from the Department of Obstetrics at Guangyuan Central Hospital in Sichuan Province and collected data on demographic characteristics,lifestyle factors,dietary habits,occupational characteristics,blood pressure,blood glucose levels,hormone profiles,and sleep patterns.Statistical methods including descriptive statistics,correlation analysis,significance testing,and logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the associations between each factor and the occurrence of PIH and GDM.Results There were statistically significant differences among the three groups of pregnant women in terms of age,body mass index(BMI),physical activity,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,working hours,and work stress level(F/χ2 values ranging from 7.637 to 228.634,P<0.001).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age,BMI,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,working hours,work stress level,daily caloric intake,carbohydrate intake,and estrogen levels increased the risk of PIH(OR values ranging from 1.002 to 4.500)and GDM(OR values ranging from 1.005 to 7.550,P<0.05),while physical activity,fiber intake,fasting insulin levels,progesterone levels,sleep duration,and sleep quality decreased the risk of PIH(OR values ranging from 0.008 to 0.890)and GDM(OR values ranging from 0.002 to 0.740,P<0.05).Conclusion The occurrence of PIH and GDM in working women is closely related to age,BMI,blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,occupational factors,dietary factors,hormone levels,and sleep patterns.Among these,physical activity,fiber intake,fasting insulin levels,progesterone levels,and adequate sleep may be protective factors.