中国多个地区雷暴的层结和地闪特征及其差异OA
The Stratification and Ground Flash Characteristics of Thunderstorms in Multiple Regions of China and Their Differences
为了进一步认识我国不同地区之间雷暴活动和地闪特征差异,基于2011～2018年6～8月ADTD地闪资料,识别出此期间我国南方和内陆高原共9个地区周围55 km内的地闪,统计雷暴次数、电流强度等地闪特征,并结合相应的探空资料和再分析资料,计算暖云层厚度和对流有效位能等层结参数,对不同地区的层结特征和地闪特征进行分析.结果表明:雷暴云的云底温度和0℃层高度均随海拔升高而降低,各地夜间雷暴云的云底高度随海拔升高而升高;无论日间雷暴还是夜间雷暴,暖云层厚度均是随海拔高度的增高而变薄的,这是0 ℃层高度随海拔降低和云底高度随海拔升高共同导致的.南方地区有更高的对流有效位能,且对流抑制能量不高,所以雷暴和地闪次数明显高于内陆高原地区.各地区负地闪数分布与总地闪数分布相似,内陆高原地区兰州和平凉正地闪比率明显较高,正地闪比率没有随海拔升高呈线性增大趋势.整体上南方地区和内陆高原地区的正地闪电流强度均大于负地闪,负地闪数越少的地区,越少的时段更容易产生更大的负地闪电流强度.这对我们加强对我国各地雷暴和地闪特征的认识有重要作用.
In order to further understand the differences of thunderstorm activity and ground flash charac-teristics between different regions in China,based on ADTD ground flash data from June to August 2011 to 2018,the ground flash within 55 km around 9 regions in southern China and inland plateau during this period was identified,and the ground flash characteristics such as thunderstorm frequency and current in-tensity were counted,combined with corresponding radiosonde data and reanalysis data.The stratification parameters such as warm cloud thickness and convective effective potential energy are calculated,and the stratification characteristics and ground flashover characteristics in different regions are analyzed.The re-sults show that the cloud base temperature and 0 ℃ layer height of the thunderstorm cloud decrease with the increase of altitude,and the cloud base height of the thunderstorm cloud increases with the increase of altitude.Both daytime thunderstorms and nighttime thunderstorms show that the warm clouds depth be-comes thinner with the increase of altitude,which is caused by the decrease of 0℃ layer height and the increase of cloud base height with altitude.The southern region has higher convective effective potential energy,and the convective inhibition energy is not high,so the frequency of thunderstorms and ground flashes is obviously higher than that in the inland plateau region.The distribution of negative ground flash number is similar to that of total ground flash number.The positive ground flash ratio is obviously higher in Lanzhou and Pingliang in the inland plateau region,and the positive ground flash ratio does not linear-ly increase with the elevation.On the whole,the intensity of positive ground lightning flow is greater than that of negative ground lightning flow in the southern region and inland plateau region.The less the num-ber of negative ground lightning flow,the less time period is more likely to produce greater negative ground lightning flow intensity.It is important for us to strengthen our understanding of the characteristics of thunderstorms and ground flashover in different parts of China.
陈可;郭凤霞;张志伟;鲁鲜;吴泽怡;刘舟;邓洁;王清源
南京信息工程大学应急管理学院/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心,南京 210044南京信息工程大学应急管理学院/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心,南京 210044南京信息工程大学应急管理学院/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心,南京 210044南京信息工程大学应急管理学院/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心,南京 210044南京信息工程大学应急管理学院/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心,南京 210044南京信息工程大学应急管理学院/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心,南京 210044南京信息工程大学应急管理学院/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心,南京 210044南京信息工程大学应急管理学院/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心,南京 210044
层结特征地闪特征内陆高原南方地区
stratification characteristicsground flash featureinland plateausouthern region
《电瓷避雷器》 2026 (4)
1-9,19,10
国家自然科学基金项目(编号:41975003),第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(编号:2019QZKK0104).Project supported by National Natural Science Foundation Project(No.41975003),The Second Comprehensive Scientific Research Pro-ject on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(No.2019QZKK0104).
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