智能热控材料及空间应用研究进展OA

China's medium-and long-term space science development program clearly puts forward the major tasks of rapidly promoting deep space exploration and accelerating the construction of a space power.The increasingly complex and extreme thermal environment in space imposes more stringent requirements on spacecraft thermal control systems.Conventional thermal control materials exhibit limited and static thermoregulatory properties,failing to meet evolving performance demands.In contrast,smart thermal control materials can dynamically modulate their physical characteristics in response to external stimuli,thereby enabling smart regulation of spacecraft heat dissipation and insulation capabilities,and significantly improving the precision and energy efficiency of thermal management systems.As a result,smart thermal control technology has emerged as a critical development direction for next-generation spacecraft thermal control systems.This review systematically outlines the research progress of typical smart thermal control materials,including thermochromic and electrochromic materials,their applications in space missions and the key challenges in this field.To enable the widespread application of smart thermal control coatings,future research work should be carried out in the AI-assisted material design,low-cost fabrication,failure analysis and life prediction under space environments,and system integration.These endeavors are of great significance for driving innovation in aerospace thermal control technology,accelerating the iterative upgrading of thermal management systems,and supporting the steady progression of national space strategy.