细粒沉积岩物质来源及成因研究现状OA

[Significance]The study of the provenance of fine-grained sedimentary rocks is a crucial first step in the"source-to-sink"system theory of fine-grained sedimentary rocks.It is important for restoring the ancient sedimentary environment,understanding the formation mechanism of fine-grained sedimentary rocks,and predicting the distribu-tion of unconventional oil and gas resources.Fine-grained sedimentary rocks are characterized by small particle size,complex composition,and difficulty in observation and research,with different material components corresponding to a variety of sources and origins.A review of the existing research results worldwide shows that currently there is a lack of systematic organization and summary of research outcomes regarding the provenance and origins of fine-grained sedimentary materials.[Progress]This paper synthesizes current research findings and categorizes the sources of fine-grained sedimentary rocks into three major types:terrigenous,endogenic,and volcanic-hydrothermal.It provides an in-depth summary and conclusion on the common sources and origins of fine-grained sediments,pointing out:(1)Clay minerals are of detrital weathering origin,diagenetic transformation from other minerals,transformation among clay minerals themselves,hydrolysis of submarine volcanic materials,and biologically mediated by extracellu-lar polymeric substances;(2)Quartz mainly originates from the weathering of terrigenous materials,intra-basin bio-logical activity,devitrification of volcanic ash materials,and authigenic formation;(3)Feldspar originates from the weathering of terrigenous detritus,input from volcanic-hydrothermal activity,and recent studies have also indicated that feldspar can be formed through microbial chemical processes;(4)Carbonate minerals are primarily endogenic,formed through chemical,bio-chemical,biological,and re-transport and deposition processes within the basin,and the input of terrigenous and volcanic-hydrothermal materials not only directly provides carbonate minerals for fine-grained sedimentary rocks but also promotes the formation of carbonate minerals within the basin;(5)Pyrite is main-ly formed by the two ore-forming elements,iron and sulfur,through dissimilatory iron reduction and iron shuttling mechanisms,microbial reduction,and thermogenic reduction of sulfate within the basin;(6)Organic matter can be divided into terrigenous vitrinite,inertinite,and some liptinite,as well as endogenic liptinite,zooclastic organic de-bris,and secondary organic matter.[Conclusions and Perspectives]Future research on the provenance and origins of fine-grained sedimentary rocks will develop in a multidisciplinary and high-precision direction,and there is still an urgent need for a systematic approach suitable for the study of the provenance of fine-grained sedimentary rocks.This paper aims to clarify the provenance and origins of fine-grained sedimentary rocks,enhance the understanding of the sources and formation mechanisms of fine-grained sediments,and thus promote the development of fine-grained sedi-mentology theory.It provides a solid theoretical foundation and scientific basis for identifying the distribution charac-teristics of fine-grained sedimentary strata and predicting the distribution of unconventional oil and gas resources.