微藻处理高氨氮废水的研究现状OA

The expansion of large-scale livestock farming has led to a steady increase in agricultural wastewater discharge,causing severe environmental pollution and depletion of water resources.Agricultural wastewater contains high concentrations of organic matter and ammonia nitrogen,while conventional treatment methods often suffer from drawbacks such as high en-ergy consumption,low pollutant removal efficiency,and poor resource recovery rates.Therefore,there is an urgent need to develop novel,high-efficiency purification technologies.Microalgae-based wastewater treatment offers simultaneous sewage purification and resource recovery,positively contributing to rural revitalization and the achievement of"Dual Carbon"goals.This paper reviews traditional agricultural wastewater treatment processes,including activated sludge,membrane sepa-ration,and wastewater land application.It elaborates on the functional mechanisms and technical approaches of microalgae for wastewater remediation,summarizes the major bottlenecks limiting the engineering application of this technology,and proposes targeted optimization strategies.These strategies include screening and breeding superior microalgae strains through gradient acclimation under high ammonia nitrogen conditions,constructing microalgal biofilms using biomass carriers,enhan-cing light transmission efficiency via photobioreactors,and adopting continuous-flow operation modes to improve the wastewater treatment performance of microalgal systems.