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指尖针尖下的人体形态结构探索发现及再发现OA

Discovery and rediscovery of morphological structure of human body explored by manual detection and acupuncture practice

中文摘要英文摘要

人体解剖学是通往医学圣殿的基石,早在2 000多年前,中国针灸人以手眼和针灸针为工具,以阴阳互补视角看人体,从体表标志、躯体结构、内脏结构、整体结构、体型体质及人体构造规律诸方面,构建出了支撑中医针灸学的理论基石——"针灸人形论",并以针灸需求为导向,创立了一种以膜结构及调控结构为重点,以"膜-器一体"集合观探索人体形态结构的研究范式.针灸人形论在探索人体构造上的先进理念和重大发现,在现代人体解剖学的最新发展中又被重发现和重新认识,其当代意义和价值得以凸显,同时也说明朝向针灸学的针灸人形论与朝向外科学的现代人体解剖学是探索人体构造奥秘不可或缺的两条互补路径.中医针灸人应当抓住机遇,在系统发掘、整理针灸人形论的基础上,尽快完成中医针灸人体形态学的重构和创新,使之成为一门能与现代人体解剖学呈最大互补的独立学科,为打通中西医在理论底层之间的隔阂,实现二者互通互鉴,迈出坚实的、具有历史意义的一步.

Human anatomy is the cornerstone of the medical temple.As early as more than 2 000 years ago,by means of manual detection/observation and acupuncture needle,and from the perspective of yin and yang complementarity,and in the aspects of body surface landmarks,physical structure,visceral structure,holistic structure,body form and constitution,and the rules of human body structure,Chinese acupuncture practitioners had constructed the theoretical foundation,named"acupuncture theory of physical body",supporting TCM acupuncture.Based on the needs of acupuncture,a research paradigm had been established to explore the morphological structure of human body,focusing on membrane structure and regulatory structure,and with the concept of"membrane-organ integration".The advanced idea and significant discovery on acupuncture theory of physical body are rediscovered and reacquainted in the latest development of modern human anatomy,with highlighted contemporary importance and value.Moreover,it shows that the two paths,i.e.acupuncture theory of physical body oriented to science of acupuncture,and the modern human anatomy towards surgery,are essential when exploring the mysteries of human structure and complemented each other.TCM acupuncture practitioners should seize the opportunity to complete the reconstruction and innovation of human morphology of TCM acupuncture by systematically excavating and organizing the acupuncture theory of physical body.It will be a solid and historic step to promote this theory to be an independent discipline and the most complementary to modern human anatomy,open the passages between the theories of Chinese medicine and western medicine from the bottom,and eventually achieve their complementarity.

黄龙祥

中国中医科学院针灸研究所,北京 100700

针灸人形论人体形态学体质人类学人体解剖学理论创新

acupuncture theory of physical bodyhuman morphologyanthropology of body constitutionhuman anatomytheoretical innovation

《中国针灸》 2026 (8)

1219-1233,15

10.13703/j.0255-2930.20250331-0004

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