特异性突触吞噬:肠生态失衡与睡眠障碍并发抑郁症的分子连接机制OA

Sleep disorders and depression are closely related in onset,but their shared neurobiological underpinnings and thera-peutic targets remain unclear,hindering effective clinical inter-ventions.The"gut-brain axis"theory proposes gut microbiota as a crucial peripheral regulator,influencing central nervous system changes such as neurotransmitter levels and synaptic plasticity impairment.Gut dysbiosis compromises the intestinal barrier,triggering systemic inflammation and blood-brain bar-rier damage,leading to metabolic and epigenetic reprogram-ming of brain microglia.This results in specific synaptic prun-ing of emotion-and sleep-related neural circuits,ultimately causing comorbidity.Resulting stress behaviors further exacer-bate gut dysfunction via hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal(HPA)axis activation,creating a vicious cycle.Delving into the"microbiota-immune-epigenetic-neural circuit"network pro-vides an integrative framework for understanding comorbidity.Incorporating the traditional Chinese medicine perspective"a restless stomach leads to restless sleep",this study elucidates correspondences between TCM patterns and modern gut-brain axis mechanisms,demonstrating the potential for complemen-tary and integrative insights.