近代农业分区实践演变及其对农业资源区划的现实启示OACHSSCD

Historical experience and reference for the new round of agricultural resource regionalization can be provided through systematically sorting out the difficulties faced by agricultural development and summarizing the evolutionary stages and formation mechanisms of modern agricultural zoning.From the perspective of regional differentiation,methods of literature research,historical analysis and inductive analysis were adopted to carry out research focusing on practical dilemmas,evolutionary stages,formation mechanisms and practical enlightenment.The results were outlined as follows.(1)The development of modern agriculture was confronted with multiple practical difficulties,including frequent wars and reconstruction of spatial patterns,rigid institutions and fragmented governance,backward agricultural technologies and imperfect extension systems,as well as external intervention and dependent development.The practice of modern agricultural zoning experienced three evolutionary stages,including empirical regional division in the late Qing Dynasty,scientific exploration in the early Republic of China,and emergency production during wars.A series of relevant practices effectively promoted the development level of agriculture,society and economy in modern China.(2)The transformation mechanism of agricultural zoning in modern China lay in four driving forces,including innovative practice combining natural differentiation with traditional farming wisdom,practical pressure derived from war crises and grain security demand,integrated reshaping resulting from the introduction of Western agronomy and the construction of agricultural science and education systems,and systematic governance boosted by commodity economy and agricultural institutional reforms.(3)Learned from the historical experience and profound lessons of modern agricultural zoning,the new round of agricultural resources regionalization should strengthen the construction of working mechanisms,including the long-term institutional system of regionalization,independent knowledge system of regionalization,and digital and intelligent methodological system of regionalization.In summary,although,modern agricultural zoning realized the paradigm transformation from traditional experience-based to modern scientific,it is deficient in sustainability and stability.Therefore,the new round of agricultural resources regionalization should construct a modern agricultural spatial governance system adapting to the requirements of the new era by taking multi-party collaboration as the institutional guarantee,human-land coordination as the core concept,and all-region coordination as the technical path.