RISC-V知识产权风险与治理机制OACHSSCD

With the advantages of openness,free licensing,scalable customization and multi-scenario adaptability,the open-source reduced instruction set architecture RISC-V has become a core approach for the global integrated circuit industry to break the technological monopoly of x86 and ARM.According to SHD Group statistics,the global RISC-V chip market reached USD 11.3 billion in 2024,with China accounting for over 25%.It is projected to grow to USD 92.7 billion by 2030,registering a compound annual growth rate of 47.9%.RISC-V has captured 25%of the global processor market and evolved into the world's third mainstream architecture.Nevertheless,open-source does not equate to zero intellectual property risks.Based on global industrial statistics,this paper starts with the license attributes and IP boundary of open-source RISC-V,and systematically summarizes five major risks in industrialization:patent infringement risks,open-source license compliance risks,ownership risks of intellectual property and layout designs,geopolitical barriers in international standards governance,and industrial patent fragmentation risks.Data indicates that ARM holds more than 6,800 granted patents,while the x86 patent portfolio exceeds 45,000 patents.In contrast,the RISC-V International Foundation maintains merely around 150 patents,resulting in a severe imbalance in patent defense capabilities.From the perspectives of international communities,industrial alliances,market enterprises and national policies,this paper constructs a multi-level and full-chain intellectual property governance system,and puts forward targeted strategies for China's RISC-V industrial development and standardization construction.