锂介导氮气还原电化学合成氨的研究进展OA

Ammonia,as a vital chemical feedstock and potential energy carrier,requires efficient synthesis for modern agriculture and energy systems.Current industrial ammonia production heavily relies on the Haber-Bosch process,which demands high-temperature,high-pressure reaction conditions,coupled with substantial energy consumption and carbon emissions,hindering the achievement of sustainable development goals.The lithium-mediated nitrogen reduction reaction(Li-NRR)has garnered significant attention in recent years as an electrochemical pathway enabling efficient ammonia synthesis under ambient temperature and pressure conditions.This process relies on the high reactivity of metallic lithium to directly activate nitrogen gas,which is subsequently protonated to synthesize ammonia.It offers a green and environmentally friendly approach without generating additional carbon emissions.This review summarizes recent progress in Li-NRR,focusing on reaction mechanisms,interface regulation,proton transport system optimization,device integration,and stability enhancement.By elucidating the relationship between kinetic processes,electrolyte composition,electrode structure,and macroscopic performance,it outlines key progress and potential challenges in early Li-NRR research while projecting future development directions.