水盐胁迫对滴灌土壤水盐环境及棉花产量与品质的影响OA

This study investigates the effects of combined water-salt stress on water-salt transport in the cotton root zone and on cotton yield and quality,to support stable,high-quality cotton production in the saline-alkali soils of Xinjiang.In 2024,a full-factorial pot experiment was conducted in the artifi-cial climate chamber of Shihezi University,using the cotton cultivar'Xinluzao66'and simulating the local meteorological environment.Seven initial soil salinity levels(2-20 g/kg)were established:2 g/kg(S1),4 g/kg(S2),6 g/kg(S3),8 g/kg(S4),12 g/kg(S5),16 g/kg(S6),and 20 g/kg(S7);three soil water stress levels were set:80％field capacity(FC)(W1),60％FC(W2),and 40％FC(W3).The effects of different water-salt stress conditions on the soil water-salt environment,physiological growth,yield,and quality of cotton were investigated.The results showed that water-salt stress severe-ly affected the soil water-salt environment.Soil moisture and salinity both increased with increasing in-itial salinity;soil moisture decreased with increasing water stress,whereas soil salinity showed the op-posite trend.Increasing water-salt stress reduced cotton photosynthesis and inhibited cotton growth and development.Compared with the W1 treatment,maximum plant height,maximum stem diameter,maximum leaf area index,and harvested dry matter decreased by 3.00％-52.40％,0.10％-45.84％,4.26％-83.67％,and 32.15％-65.02％,respectively;compared with the S1 treatment,they decreased by 3.24％-73.74％,5.73％-67.19％,6.89％-96.24％,and 3.23％-94.66％,respectively.During the growth period,the net photosynthetic rate of cotton under W2 and W3 decreased by 7.01％-11.77％and 17.61％-23.15％,respectively,compared with W1.In addition,water-salt stress significantly re-duced cotton yield and quality.The optimal yield and quality index FQI were both observed under the S1W1 treatment,at 5 776.90 kg/hm2 and 15 309.16,respectively;the poorest treatment was S7W3,at 61.20 kg/hm2 and 7 917.47,respectively.The conclusion shows that,based on path analysis,the main factors affecting cotton yield are dry matter accumulation and leaf area index,while the main factors affecting the quality index FQI are initial soil salt content and leaf area index.With high yield and high quality as the objective,multiple regression showed that the ranges of initial soil salt and soil water content at which the comprehensive benefits of yield and quality exceeded 80％were 2.00 g/kg-6.82 g/kg and 60.29％FC-80％FC,respectively.This study provides a theoretical basis for stable yield and quality improvement of cotton in saline-alkali land in arid regions and promotes sustainable agri-cultural development.