34份花生品系主要农艺和品质性状的遗传多样性分析与综合评价OA

To comprehensively explore the disparities in genetic characteristics and overall performance among diverse Luohua peanut germplasm resources,34 Luohua peanut lines were selected as the experimental materials.A battery of analytical techniques,including genetic diversity analysis,correlation analysis,grey correlation analysis,path analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis,was employed to assess 17 agronomic,quality and yield traits.The results indicated that for the 34 peanut lines,the coefficient of var-iation(CV)of the main traits spanned from 2.46%to 50.75%.Among them,linoleic acid exhibited the lar-gest CV,while crude fat had the smallest.The genetic diversity indices(H′)of the 17 traits ranged from 3.383 to 3.526,with an average of 3.506.Specifically,crude fat had the highest H′,and linoleic acid had the lowest.Correlation analysis demonstrated that yield was significantly positively correlated with the number of per plant branches,the number of full pods per plant,kernel yield,and total amino acid content;conversely,it was significantly negatively correlated with the main stem height and lateral branch length.Grey correlation analysis revealed that kernel yield had the highest correlation with yield,followed by total amino acid content.Path analysis results indicated that the contents of linoleic acid,oleic acid and total amino acids exerted signif-icantly positively direct effects on yield,while lateral branch length,fruit branch number per plant and blank boll number per plant showed negatively direct effects on yield.Oleic acid content demonstrated the strongest indirect effect on yield,whereas the weakest indirect effect on single-plant productivity.Through cluster analy-sis,when the squared Euclidean distance approximated 12,the peanut lines were classified into five taxa.The yield performance of the taxa followed the order of Ⅲ>Ⅱ>Ⅳ>Ⅰ>Ⅴ.In the Ⅲ taxa,three peanut lines,namely LH07,LH08 and LH10,had relatively high yield,accounting for 8.82%of the total,however,their oleic acid content was lower,suggesting larger improvement potential of high-yielding lines in high oleic acid content.Through principal component analysis,six principal components were extracted from the 17 traits,with the accumulative contribution rate as 81.043%,which could reflected most information of the original traits.The top 10 lines with high comprehensive evaluation values were LH23,LH11,LH05,LH17,LH15,LH18,LH07,LH08,LH10 and LH19.These lines could be regarded as excellent germplasm resources for further research and breeding applications.