退役锂离子电池回收利用的国际经验与启示OACHSSCD

With the arrival of the first wave of spent power batteries from new energy vehicles,building an efficient and standardized recycling system has become crucial for ensuring strategic resource security and promoting green,low-carbon industrial development.This paper systematically analyzes the current global status of spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)recycling and the development bottlenecks faced by China.The results show that major economies such as the United States and the European Union have established policy frameworks combining legislative mandates and economic incentives,developed diversified technological routes including hydrometallurgy,pyrometallurgy,and echelon use,and promoted industrialization through various business models.China leads the world in the volume of retired batteries and recycling capacity,yet faces challenges such as insufficient policy coordination,prominent technological bottlenecks,lack of industrial synergy,and weak international adaptability.Drawing on international experience,this paper recommends strengthening top-level design and full-life-cycle supervision,achieving breakthroughs in key technologies such as intelligent disassembly and green regeneration,and comprehensively promoting large-scale integration,international standard mutual recognition,and global network layout to support the high-quality and sustainable development of LIBs.