瘢痕治疗的临床进展OA

Scars represent a common outcome of aberrant tissue remodeling following wound healing.The hypertrophic scars and keloids cause pain,pruritus,cosmetic disfigurement,and functional impairment,which carry significant psychological and social consequences for patients.Scar management has shifted from single-modality treatment to a multidisciplinary strategy incorpo-rating risk stratification,early intervention,and multimodal therapy.We reviewed the recent pro-gresses in scar management including clinical guidelines,randomized controlled trials,silicone-based prevention,pressure therapy,tension-reduction techniques,intralesional corticosteroids,5-fluorouracil(5-FU),bleomycin,and botulinum toxin type A(BoNT-A),vascular and ablative laser therapy,laser-assisted drug delivery,surgery combined with adjuvant radiotherapy,and e-merging approaches such as regenerative medicine,exosomes,tissue engineering,and nano-ena-bled delivery et al.Current studies have shown that silicone,tension reduction,and pressure ther-apy are suitable for early prevention;the intralesional and energy-based therapies are suitable for active lesions;and the excision is not the only strategy because of the high recurrence risk.Future investigations are required for precision treatment guided by the standardized outcomes,patient-re-ported measures,long-term follow-up and molecular profiling.