血清FOXO1、MFG-E8与牙周炎患者牙周指标的关系及对短期疗效的交互影响OA

Objective:To investigate the correlation between serum forkhead box protein O1(FOXO1)and milk fat globule epidermal growth factor 8(MFG-E8)levels and periodontal clinical indicators in patients with periodontitis,and to e-valuate their predictive value and interactive effects on short-term outcomes of non-surgical treatment for periodontitis.Meth-ods:A total of 118 patients with chronic periodontitis who visited our hospital from October 2023 to October 2025 were select-ed as the study group,and 60 healthy individuals undergoing physical examinations during the same period were selected as the control group.Serum levels of FOXO1 and MFG-E8 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The mean probing depth(PD),clinical attachment loss(CAL),sulcus bleeding index(SBI)and plaque index(PLI)for patients in the study group were recorded.Patients with periodontitis received standardized non-surgical periodontal treatment and were di-vided into a good outcome group(75 cases)and a poor outcome group(43 cases)based on treatment efficacy at 3 months post-treatment.Correlations between serum FOXO1,MFG-E8 levels and periodontal indicators were analyzed.Multivariate lo-gistic regression was used to identify factors influencing short-term outcomes.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were used to evaluate the predictive performance of individual and combined indicators,with internal validation performed u-sing the Bootstrap resampling method.Interactive effects of FOXO1 and MFG-E8 on short-term outcomes were analyzed using an interaction model.Results:Serum FOXO1 levels were significantly higher and MFG-E8 levels significantly lower in the study group than in the control group(P<0.05).Baseline PD,CAL,and serum FOXO1 levels were significantly higher,while MFG-E8 levels were significantly lower in the poor outcome group compared with the good outcome group(P<0.05).FOXO1 was significantly positively correlated with PD,CAL,SBI,and PLI,while MFG-E8 was significantly negatively correlated with these indicators(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression adjusting for baseline PD and CAL showed that high FOXO1 level was a risk factor for poor outcome(OR=2.449,95%CI 1.260～4.759),and high MFG-E8 level was a protective factor(OR=0.861,95%CI 0.782～0.948).ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve(AUC)for predicting poor outcome was 0.821 for serum FOXO1 and 0.803 for MFG-E8,and the AUC of combined detection was significantly increased to 0.910,with a sensitivity of 81.40%and specificity of 88.00%.Internal validation showed a corrected AUC of 0.892,and the calibration curve demonstrated good agreement.Interaction analysis revealed that patients with both high FOXO1 and low MFG-E8 levels had a significantly increased risk of poor outcome(OR=8.509,95%CI 2.522～28.708),indicating a posi-tive interaction(RERI=4.032,AP=47.39%,SI=2.160).Conclusion:Serum FOXO1 and MFG-E8 levels are closely asso-ciated with the severity of periodontitis and are factors influencing the short-term outcome of non-surgical treatment.Combined detection of these two markers has high predictive value for poor treatment outcome,and they exhibit a positive interactive effect,potentially synergistically exacerbating periodontal tissue destruction,providing new serological markers for precise risk stratification of periodontitis.