3种培养方式的蛹虫草多糖提取工艺优化及体外抗氧化活性OA

This research sought to evaluate the impact of diverse cultivation techniques and extraction procedures on the extraction efficiency and antioxidant properties of polysaccharides derived from Cordyceps militaris.Polysaccharides were procured via liquid fermentation,solid-state cultivation,and pupa-inoculated cultivation.Extraction parameters were optimized through a combination of single-factor experiments,Plackett-Burman(PB)design,steepest ascent methodology,and response surface methodology(RSM).The in vitro antioxidant potential was assessed by quantifying the scavenging activities against DPPH,ABTS,and hydroxyl free radicals.Morphological observations revealed that mycelia obtained from liquid fermentation formed spherical pellets with radiating hyphae,whereas fruit bodies from both solid-state and insect-based cultivation exhibited comparable morphologies characterized by slender,orange-yellow structures.Optimal extraction conditions for liquid-fermented mycelial polysaccharides(CMMP)included a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1∶66,extraction duration of 3 hours,two extraction cycles,temperature of 93 ℃,and ethanol concentration of 70％,resulting in an extraction yield of 7.12％.For polysaccharides from solid-cultivated fruit bodies(CMGP),the ideal parameters were a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1∶40,extraction time of 2 hours,three extraction cycles,temperature of 71 ℃,and ethanol concentration of 89％,yielding 6.05％.In the case of pupa-cultivated fruit body polysaccharides(CMCP),optimal conditions comprised a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1∶46,extraction time of 3 hours,three extraction cycles,temperature of 83 ℃,and ethanol concentration of 80％,achieving a yield of 6.63％.Post-optimization,extraction yields for CMMP,CMGP,and CMCP increased by 28.75％,29.55％,and 27.01％,respectively,relative to the highest values obtained from single-factor experiments.Antioxidant evaluations demonstrated that all three polysaccharide types exhibited potent hydroxyl radical scavenging activity in a dose-dependent manner,with IC50 values of 0.163,0.157,and 0.215 mg/mL,respectively.Additionally,they showed moderate scavenging effects against DPPH and ABTS radicals.These results furnish a theoretical foundation for the efficient extraction and subsequent utilization of C.militaris polysaccharides derived from various cultivation sources.