广叶绣球菌种质资源的综合评价:基于分子鉴定与表型多元统计分析OA

Fifteen strains of Sparassis latifolia(10 cultivated strains and 5 wild strains)were systematically investigated.Species identity and genetic background were confirmed through molecular identification based on internal transcribed spacer(ITS)sequence analysis.Mycelial growth phenotypes and fruiting body agronomic traits of each strain were quantitatively determined.A multi-method approach including variance analysis,principal component analysis and systematic clustering analysis was employed to conduct in-depth data mining and comprehensive evaluation of the experimental results.ITS sequencing confirmed that all tested 15 strains belonged to S.latifolia.The phenotypic trait analysis revealed significant inter-strain variations in mycelial growth phenotypes and fruiting body agronomic traits.Overall,cultivated strains outperformed wild strains in fruiting body weight,biological conversion efficiency,toughness of basidiocarps,and cultivation cycle duration.Specifically,strain Sl-1 exhibited the highest basidiocarp weight[(321.07±29.18)g],while strain Sl-5 showed the fastest mycelial growth rate of the spawn[(1.13±0.04)mm/d].The basidiocarps of most cultivated strains were milky white(2A2)with moderate to good toughness,and their cultivation cycle ranged from 103 to 125 days.In contrast with cultivated strains,wild strains typically had lower yields,with yellowish basidiocarp flesh,moderate to brittle toughness,and a cultivation cycle of 108 to 132 days.A notable exception was the wild strain Sl-12,which yielded well and the yield was comparable to that of high-performing cultivated strains and displayed the highest stability(coefficient of variation=4.44%).Principal component analysis showed that accumulative contributor ration of the first three principal components was 82.47%,highlighting the main characteristic patterns and trait associations among strains.Cluster analysis categorized the 15 strains into three distinct groups:group 1 consisted entirely of cultivated strains characterized by high quality and high yield;group 2 included four cultivated strains with moderately lower yields and one wild strain;group 3 consisted of the remaining wild strains represented by Sl-12.This study provides theoretical foundation and empirical data for germplasm innovation,cultivar improvement,and industrial development of S.latifolia.