不同耕作和播种模式对砂姜黑土区小麦产量的影响OA

In this study,Wankenmai 22 was used as the test wheat variety.Four treatments were established:deep tillage+rotary tillage combined with non-driven rake drill seeder(W1),deep tillage+rotary tillage combined with vertical shaft driven rake drill seeder(W2),deep tillage+rotary tillage combined with horizontal shaft driven rake ro-tary seeding and fertilization integrated machine(W3),and direct sowing with horizontal shaft driven rake rotary seeding and fertilization integrated machine(W4).The effects of different tillage and sowing modes on wheat seedling emergence quality,population quantity,grain yield and farmland water consumption in lime concretion black soil areas were systemati-cally analyzed.The results showed that the sowing depth of W1,W2 and W4 treatments was 3.0-5.0 cm,with high seed-ling emergence quality.The sowing depth of W3 treatment was excessively deep,which significantly reduced the field emer-gence rate and basic seedling number compared with other treatments(P<0.05).However,W3treatment presented signifi-cantly higher average dry matter accumulation per stem and grain number per spike at the anthesis stage than W1 treatment(P<0.05),ultimately resulting in a notably higher grain yield in W3 treatment(P<0.05).There was no significant differ-ence in wheat yield between W4 and W1 treatments(P>0.05).Correlation analysis indicated that excessive sowing depth reduced crop population quantity,but increased average dry matter accumulation per stem at anthesis,thereby improving grain number per spike and grain yield.Therefore,the mode of deep tillage+rotary tillage combined with horizontal shaft driven rake rotary seeding and fertilization integrated machine is recommended to achieve high yield.For the goals of stable yield and high operation efficiency,the direct sowing mode adopting horizontal shaft driven rake rotary seeding and fertiliza-tion integrated machine is preferable.This study provides a theoretical basis for the construction of wheat cultivation technology systems in lime concretion black soil regions.