枳砧和酸柚砧对'春香'树体生长发育及果实品质形成的影响OA
Effects of trifoliate orange rootstock and sour pomelo rootstocks on growth and development,and formation of fruit quality in'Haruka'tangelo
为筛选合适砧木以优化'春香'的栽培管理,选用6年生枳砧和酸柚砧'春香'橘柚为试材,通过田间试验系统比较了2种砧木对树体生长发育及果实品质的影响.结果显示,酸柚砧'春香'树势显著强于枳砧,接穗高度、东西向冠幅和树冠体积较枳砧分别提高15.01%～20.82%、17.08%～21.58%和46.21%～48.88%,亲和性更佳.2种砧木在春梢数量、叶片大小及成花量方面无显著差异,但酸柚砧'春香'春梢长度和粗度分别较枳砧显著增加约19.64%和13.30%,发育更为粗壮;其坐果率与单株产量也显著高于枳砧,增产4.8 kg/株,同时酸柚砧'春香'叶片中N、K、Mg、Cu含量缺乏,且N、P、Mg、Mn含量均显著低于枳砧,而枳砧'春香'叶片存在Zn缺乏与K、Cu含量不足问题.果实品质方面,枳砧表现更优,成熟果实可溶性固形物含量为12.5%～12.9%,较酸柚砧高约1%,主要表现在蔗糖含量显著提升.此外,枳砧'春香'叶片叶绿素含量(SPAD值)与净光合速率也显著高于酸柚砧,光合效率更高.结果表明,酸柚砧'春香'适于高产栽培,而枳砧'春香'在果实内在品质方面更具优势.
'Haruka'tangelo with six-year-old trifoliate orange(Poncirus trifoliata)rootstock and sour pummelo(Citrus grandis)rootstock was used to screen suitable rootstock to optimize the manage-ment of cultivating'Haruka'tangelo.The effects of two rootstocks on the growth and development,and the fruit quality were systematically compared through a field experiment.The results showed that the tree vigor of'Haruka'grafted onto sour pomelo rootstock was significantly stronger than that grafted onto trifo-liate orange rootstock,with an increase in the scion height,the east-west canopy width,and canopy volume of 15.01%-20.82%,17.08%-21.58%,and 46.21%-48.88%,respectively,indicating that the graft com-patibility is better.There was no significant difference in the number of spring shoots,leaf size,and the for-mation of flower bud between the two rootstocks,but the length and diameter of spring shoots on the sour pomelo rootstock were significantly increased by about 19.64%and 13.30%,respectively,compared to that on the trifoliate orange rootstock,indicating that the development is more robust.The rate of fruit set-ting and yield per plant of sour pomelo rootstock were significantly higher than those of sour pomelo root-stock,with an increase of 4.8 kg/plant.The leaves of'Haruka'on sour pomelo rootstock had deficiencies in N,K,Mg,and Cu,with the content of N,P,Mg,and Mn significantly lower than that on trifoliate orange rootstock.In contrast,the leaves of'Haruka'on trifoliate orange rootstock had deficiency in Zn and insufficient content of K and Cu.The fruit quality of tangelo on the trifoliate orange rootstock was better,with a content of soluble solid of 12.5%to 12.9%in mature fruit,about 1%higher than that on the sour pomelo rootstock,mainly due to a significant increase in the content of sucrose.The content of chlorophyll(SPAD value)in the leaf and net photosynthetic rate on the trifoliate orange rootstock was significantly higher than that on the sour pomelo rootstock,indicating the photosynthetic efficiency is higher.It is indi-cated that'Haruka'tangelo on sour pomelo rootstock is suitable for high-yield cultivation,while'Haru-ka'tangelo on trifoliate orange rootstock has advantages of fruit quality.
周铁;李菲菲;向孝华;陈鹏;韩健;粟芳;廖炜;郭玲霞;许园园;吴娟娟
湖南省园艺研究所,长沙 410125||岳麓山实验室,长沙 410128湖南省园艺研究所,长沙 410125||岳麓山实验室,长沙 410128岳麓山实验室,长沙 410128||湖南省洪江市农业农村局,洪江 418100湖南省园艺研究所,长沙 410125||岳麓山实验室,长沙 410128湖南省园艺研究所,长沙 410125||岳麓山实验室,长沙 410128岳麓山实验室,长沙 410128||湖南省洪江市农业农村局,洪江 418100湖南省园艺研究所,长沙 410125||岳麓山实验室,长沙 410128湖南省园艺研究所,长沙 410125||岳麓山实验室,长沙 410128湖南省园艺研究所,长沙 410125||岳麓山实验室,长沙 410128湖南省园艺研究所,长沙 410125||岳麓山实验室,长沙 410128
农业科技
'春香'橘柚砧木生长发育果实品质光合特性元素吸收
'Haruka'tangelorootstockgrowth and developmentfruit qualitycharacteristics of photosynthesisabsorption of element
《华中农业大学学报》 2026 (4)
42-51,10
国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFD2300800)国家自然科学基金项目(32102313)国家现代农业(柑橘)产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-26)岳麓山实验室种业专项项目(YSL-2025-ZY01010)
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