液体火箭发动机故障尾焰光谱诊断:从定性到定量OA

With the growing engineering demand for reusable liquid rocket engines,ensuring stable and safe opera-tion under extreme conditions-high heat flux,high chamber pressure,and violent combustion-has become increasingly challenging.Plume spectroscopic diagnostics,featuring non-contact measurement,high sensitivity,and multi-parameter sensing capability,has emerged as an important technical route for engine health monitoring and fault iden-tification.We first analyze the key challenges in liquid rocket engine development and the diagnostic requirements for fault monitoring.The diagnostic mechanism based on atomic emission spectroscopy is then systematically elaborated,followed by a review of domestic and international research progress and the current state of the art in plume spectros-copy.Next,the core enabling technologies are summarized,including the construction of a spectrum-material-fault-mode database,controlled metal-impurity doping combustion tests,quantitative inversion of alloy species concentra-tions in the plume,flight-environment spectral diagnostics,and spectral-line interference and mitigation strategies for LOX/kerosene engines.The applicability,accuracy,and engineering feasibility of three representative measurement techniques-Fabry-Pérot interferometry,Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy,and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy-are further evaluated and compared for plume spectral acquisition.Finally,future trends are discussed,with emphasis on multimodal data fusion,artificial-intelligence-enabled analysis,on-chip spectroscopy combined with edge computing,and extensions toward the near-/mid-/far-infrared and terahertz bands,highlighting the broad pros-pects of plume spectroscopy for intelligent operation and predictive maintenance of liquid rocket engines.