祁连山国家公园张掖段入口社区协同发展模式研究OACHSSCD

National parks serve as the core instrument for ecological conservation in China.Promoting synergistic development between national parks and their gateway communities is a key component of both the national strategy for ecological civilization and rural revitalization.This study aims to identify the development types and levels of synergistic development of gateway communities in the Zhangye section of Qilian Mountain National Park,and to explore feasible pathways for spatial synergy and categorized governance,thereby facilitating the organic integration of ecological protection in the national park with the sustainable development of gateway communities.Taking 23 gateway communities in the Zhangye section of Qilian Mountain National Park as the research subjects,and considering community development foundations,leading industries,and residents' willingness,the communities are classified into three types:cultural tourism-oriented,ecological conservation-oriented,and agro-pastoral industry-oriented.A modified Pressure-State-Response(PSR)model is employed to evaluate the vertical synergistic development level between the national park and gateway communities.From the perspectives of overall synergy among the national park,individual gateway communities,and the gateway community cluster,a spatial governance structure consisting of nine synergistic development units is constructed,and a governance model characterized by"functional linkage and categorized synergy"is proposed.The results indicate that different types of gateway communities face distinct driving forces and constraints in their synergistic development with the national park.Cultural tourism-oriented communities exhibit a relatively high development level but are constrained by ecological pressure.Agro-pastoral industry-oriented communities experience relatively low ecological disturbance,yet are limited by infrastructure and industrial capacity.Ecological conservation-oriented communities have been seen improvements in their living environment but are troubled by population outflow and insufficient responsiveness.The proposed"categorized synergy and unit linkage"governance model provides theoretical reference and practical guidance for the collaborative governance and spatial planning of gateway communities in Qilian Mountain National Park and analogous national park areas in China.