全域治沙的科学体系与实现路径OA

Desertification is a major environmental challenge affecting ecological security,regional development,and human well-being in arid and semi-arid regions worldwide.Under the combined influences of climate change and human activities,land degradation processes have become increasingly complex and uncertain.In China,desertification control has gradually evolved from project-based interventions toward systematic governance.Although the Three-North Shelterbelt Program has achieved remarkable success in reducing sand hazards and improving ecological conditions,long-term challenges remain,including the complexity of aeolian processes,rigid water-resource constraints,and the sustainability of ecological engineering.These challenges highlight the need for a new governance paradigm capable of integrating ecological restoration,resource management,and regional development. This study aims to establish a scientific framework for holistic desertification control based on systems thinking and integrated governance.The objectives are to clarify the theoretical foundations of holistic desertification control,develop a conceptual framework centered on the"Three Comprehensives and Two Viabilities",and propose implementation pathways for advancing high-quality desertification control in China. Drawing upon theories from geography,ecology,hydrology,aeolian science,and complex systems science,this study synthesizes existing knowledge,policy requirements,and practical experiences from desertification control in China.Through theoretical analysis and conceptual framework construction,the study integrates natural processes,resource constraints,ecological functions,geographical units,and socio-economic factors into a unified governance framework. The results indicate that holistic desertification control is supported by five theoretical foundations.First,aeolian processes are characterized by multi-factor interactions,nonlinear dynamics,and feedback mechanisms among wind,sediment transport,landforms,vegetation,and human activities.Second,water resources constitute the fundamental constraint on ecological restoration in arid regions,where limited availability and uneven spatial-temporal distribution determine the scale and sustainability of management activities.Third,ecosystem stability provides the ecological basis for long-term restoration effectiveness through maintaining structural integrity,functional continuity,and resilience to disturbances.Fourth,the integrity of geographical units emphasizes the interconnected nature of mountains,oases,rivers,and deserts and highlights the importance of governance based on complete geographical and hydrological systems.Fifth,the coordination of human-environment relationships ensures that ecological restoration can be sustained through the integration of environmental protection,livelihoods,and regional development. Holistic desertification control provides a systematic framework for addressing the growing complexity of desertification governance in arid regions.By integrating ecological processes,water-resource constraints,geographical integrity,ecosystem stability,and human-environment interactions,the proposed framework promotes coordinated governance across multiple elements,processes,and spatial units while ensuring sustainability and operational viability.It offers both theoretical support and practical guidance for advancing the Three-North Project and achieving sustainable desertification control in China.