离子选择性电极的固体接触层材料研究进展OA

Solid-contact ion-selective electrodes(SC-ISEs)effectively overcome the limitations of conventional liquid-contact structures,such as leakage of the inner electrolyte solution,poor potential stability,and difficulties in miniaturization,by introducing a solid-contact(SC)layer between the ion-selective membrane(ISM)and the electronic conductor substrate.Owing to these advantages,SC-ISEs show broad application prospects in environmental monitoring,food safety,and biomedical analysis.As the key functional interface for ion-to-electron transduction,the SC layer plays a decisive role in determining the potential stability,standard potential reproducibility,and long-term reliability of the electrode.This review systematically summarized the research status and technological progress of SC-layer materials over the past decade.Particular emphasis was placed on the ion-to-electron transduction mechanisms of SC layers,including the electrical double-layer capacitance mechanism and the redox capacitance mechanism.Four major categories of SC-layer materials,namely conducting polymers,carbon nanomaterials,metals/metal compounds,and composite materials,were critically reviewed in terms of their structural characteristics,performance advantages,and limitations.Furthermore,common fabrication methods for SC layers,including electrochemical deposition and physical deposition,were summarized,together with the corresponding performance evaluation system,involving potential stability,capacitance,standard potential reproducibility,and interfacial resistance.Finally,in view of the current challenges,such as the unclear microscopic mechanism of ion-to-electron transduction,lack of unified performance evaluation standards,and insufficient long-term stability,future research directions were proposed,including deepening the understanding of interfacial transduction mechanisms,developing multifunctional composite materials with high capacitance,high hydrophobicity,and high stability,and establishing standardized performance evaluation protocols,thereby promoting the practical application and industrialization of SC-ISE in environmental monitoring,biomedical analysis,and related fields.