Unraveling the effector mechanism of citrulline on sow lactation and offspring growth:an integrative multi-omics analysisOA
Background Citrulline(Cit),an effective precursor of arginine(Arg),escapes hepatic catabolism to be almost completely absorbed into the systemic circulation,thereby being efficiently converted to Arg in the kidneys to enhance its systemic bioavailability.This study investigated the effects of dietary Cit supplementation on lactation performance in sows,as well as the underlying mechanisms related to intestinal health in their suckling piglets,using multi-omics analyses.Results Dietary Arg and Cit supplementation significantly increased average daily feed intake of lactating sows.Milk fat content and plasma nitric oxide(NO)concentration increased significantly in the Arg group and the 40%Cit group(P<0.05),while milk threonine content increased slightly(P=0.084).Consequently,the average daily gain of suckling piglets over the 21-day lactation period was also significantly improved.Furthermore,maternal 40%Cit supplementation improved the intestinal health of offspring by enhancing jejunal morphology and upregulating the expression of the tight junction protein occludin(P<0.05),indicating a strengthened intestinal barrier.Mechanistically,this was achieved by activating the mTOR/S6 pathway in the piglets''jejunum.Maternal 40%Cit supplementation upregulated the expression of proteins related to mitochondrial fusion and fission(MFN2 and MFF,P<0.05),and the protein expression of OPA1 showed an increasing trend(P=0.097),indicating the structural and functional status of mitochondria was improved.Maternal 40%Cit supplementation also modulated the gut microbiota of piglets,increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria(Lachnoclostridium).Metabolomic analysis of sow milk identified 58 differential metabolites.Among these metabolites,palmitic acid levels were significantly increased and positively correlated with the abundance of Lachnoclostridium in the intestine(P<0.05).Conclusions Dietary Cit supplementation enhanced sow lactation performance and improved intestinal barrier function in their offspring via activation of the jejunal mTOR/S6 pathway and improved mitochondrial structure and function in the piglet jejunum.These benefits were further supported by modulation of the gut microbiota and alterations in the milk fat and metabolome,ultimately promoting piglet growth.
Yating Chen;Shenglan Hu;Yiwen Ji;Fang Gu;Chenyang Zhang;Kaiguo Gao;Xiaolu Wen;Li Wang;Xiaoli Dong;Jisoo Tak;Hao Xiao;Yaoyao Xia
College of Animal Science and Technology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition,Institute of Animal Science,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,ChinaState Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition,Institute of Animal Science,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,ChinaState Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition,Institute of Animal Science,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,ChinaState Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition,Institute of Animal Science,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,ChinaState Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition,Institute of Animal Science,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,ChinaState Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition,Institute of Animal Science,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,ChinaState Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition,Institute of Animal Science,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,ChinaState Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition,Institute of Animal Science,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,ChinaCJ International Trading Co.,Ltd.,Seoul,South KoreaCJ Cheiljedang,Seoul,South KoreaState Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition,Institute of Animal Science,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China
农业科技
CitrullineIntestinal homeostasisLactation performanceMetabolome–microbiome
《Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology》 2026 (4)
P.2173-2194,22
jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32472928)Special fund for scientific innovation strategy-construction of high-level Academy of Agriculture Science(R2022PY-QY007)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2024A1515010743)Modern Seed Industry Innovation Capability Enhancement Project of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2026ZYTS0202)China Agriculture Research System-CARS-35,China。
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