Risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity development and progression in the PhilippinesOA
●AIM:To determine the clinico-epidemiologic profile of premature infants diagnosed with retinopathy of prematurity(ROP),and treated for type 1,severe,and aggressive(TOSA)ROP in the different regions of the Philippines.●METHODS:A multiregional ambispective cohort study of premature infants(<37wk gestational age)referred for ROP screening across 20 hospitals in 12 Philippine regions between January 2024 and September 2025 was conducted.Demographic,neonatal,and maternal risk factors were analyzed.Outcomes were compared between National Capital Region(NCR)and non-NCR cohorts.●RESULTS:Of 2085 referred infants,1900 premature infants were included.Mean gestational age was 32.34±2.31wk;mean birthweight was 1593±439 g.ROP developed in 483 infants(25%),of whom 177(37%)progressed to TOSA ROP.Lower gestational age,lower birthweight,male gender,and packed red blood cell transfusion were significantly associated with ROP development,whereas sepsis and oxygen supplementation were not.Among TOSA ROP cases,87%received treatment,most commonly anti-vasular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)injection(46%)or laser photocoagulation(24%).At the last follow-up,34%of treated infants had not reached full regression or retinal maturity.ROP incidence was higher in NCR(32%)than in Region I and Cordillera Administrative Region(8%,P=0.001),Region III(13%,P=0.005),and Region XI(14%,P=0.001),but lower than Region VI(55%,P=0.001).●CONCLUSION:Lower gestational age and birthweight,male,and packed red blood cell transfusion are risk factors of ROP development.This study also provides the first multiregional multicenter data on ROP in the Philippines,demonstrating substantial incidence and progression beyond NCR.
Roland Joseph D.Tan;Rachel R.Milante;Adriel Vincent R.Te;Esther Carmen Arvella G.Ereño;Redentor Caesar G.Gonzales;Jewel Faith Flores-Anotado;Christopher Sebastian J.Uy;Knedrick Kevin Macalma;Jennifer Joy Y.Santos-Rayos;Lorenz Jacob D.Mangahas;Karen R Cabrera;Lyka R.Agcaoili;Clyde Joshua A.Ecija;Tamilyn Chelsea C.Laddaran;Kristine D.Corpus-Velasquez;Jose Melvin Jimenez IV;Kyla S.Ilagan;Ian JDaguman;Xavier Daryl L Martinez;Almira A Manzano;Ron Joseph R Moreno;Gabrielle S.Evangelista;Kanja Drisa Taclobao;Marie Christine T Marcelo-Tan;Christian Q.Castillo;Manuel Benjamin B.Ibañez IV;Maijann D.Precia;Patricia S.Tacata;RobertKelvin Carbonell;Dominico Carlo S.Dator;Jemeson M.Tiburan;Rachelle G.Anzures;Niño Enrico D.Marohom;Lois Agnes E.Lumontod;Margarita E.Quitos;Beltran Alexis A.Aclan;Angeline Therese Y.Uy;Claire Baldovino Barja;Van Alvin Gambalan;Jona May S.Ongkeko;Gabriel L.Villanoy
Southern Isabela Medical Center,Santiago City 3311,Isabela,Region II,PhilippinesBicol Regional Hospital and Medical Center,Legazpi City 4500,Albay,Region V,Philippines Legazpi Eye Center,Legazpi City 4500,Albay,Region V,PhilippinesSouthern Philippines Medical Center,Davao City 8000,Davao del Sur,Region XI,PhilippinesSouthern Philippines Medical Center,Davao City 8000,Davao del Sur,Region XI,PhilippinesSouthern Philippines Medical Center,Davao City 8000,Davao del Sur,Region XI,PhilippinesWestern Visayas Medical Center,Iloilo City 5000,Iloilo,Region VI,PhilippinesWestern Visayas Medical Center,Iloilo City 5000,Iloilo,Region VI,PhilippinesMariano Marcos Memorial Hospital and Medical Center,Batac 2906,Ilocos Norte,Region I,PhilippinesMariano Marcos Memorial Hospital and Medical Center,Batac 2906,Ilocos Norte,Region I,PhilippinesIlocos Training and Regional Medical Center,San Fernando City 2500,La Union,Region I,PhilippinesIlocos Training and Regional Medical Center,San Fernando City 2500,La Union,Region I,PhilippinesSouthern Isabela Medical Center,Santiago City 3311,Isabela,Region II,PhilippinesSouthern Isabela Medical Center,Santiago City 3311,Isabela,Region II,PhilippinesSt Luke’s Medical Center,Quezon City 1112,National Capital Region,PhilippinesSt Luke’s Medical Center,Quezon City 1112,National Capital Region,PhilippinesSt Luke’s Medical Center,Quezon City 1112,National Capital Region,PhilippinesEastern Visayas Medical Center,Tacloban City 6500,Leyte,Region VIII,PhilippinesEastern Visayas Medical Center,Tacloban City 6500,Leyte,Region VIII,PhilippinesRegion 1 Medical Center,Dagupan City 2400,Pangasinan,Region I,PhilippinesRegion 1 Medical Center,Dagupan City 2400,Pangasinan,Region I,PhilippinesNorthern Mindanao Medical Center,Cagayan de Oro City 9000,Misamis Oriental,Region X,PhilippinesNorthern Mindanao Medical Center,Cagayan de Oro City 9000,Misamis Oriental,Region X,PhilippinesBaguio General Hospital and Medical Center,Baguio City 2600,Benguet,Cordillera Administrative Region,PhilippinesBaguio General Hospital and Medical Center,Baguio City 2600,Benguet,Cordillera Administrative Region,PhilippinesBataan General Hospital and Medical Center,Balanga City 2100,Bataan,Region III,PhilippinesBataan General Hospital and Medical Center,Balanga City 2100,Bataan,Region III,PhilippinesJose R Reyes Memorial Medical Center,City of Manila 1003,National Capital Region,PhilippinesJose R Reyes Memorial Medical Center,City of Manila 1003,National Capital Region,PhilippinesCagayan Valley Medical Center,Tuguegarao City 3500,Cagayan,Region II,PhilippinesCagayan Valley Medical Center,Tuguegarao City 3500,Cagayan,Region II,PhilippinesOspital ng Makati,Taguig City 1642,National Capital Region,PhilippinesOspital ng Makati,Taguig City 1642,National Capital Region,PhilippinesAmai Pakpak Medical Center,Marawi City 9700,Lanao del Sur,Bangsamoro Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao,PhilippinesAmai Pakpak Medical Center,Marawi City 9700,Lanao del Sur,Bangsamoro Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao,PhilippinesAmai Pakpak Medical Center,Marawi City 9700,Lanao del Sur,Bangsamoro Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao,PhilippinesNational Children’s Hospital,Quezon City 1113,National Capital Region,PhilippinesNational Children’s Hospital,Quezon City 1113,National Capital Region,PhilippinesNational Children’s Hospital,Quezon City 1113,National Capital Region,PhilippinesOspital ng Maynila Medical Center,Manila 1004,National Capital Region,PhilippinesOspital ng Maynila Medical Center,Manila 1004,National Capital Region,PhilippinesCebu Velez General Hospital,Cebu City 6000,Cebu,Region VII,Philippines
医药卫生
retinopathy of prematurityepidemiologyPhilippinesrisk factorsscreeningmulticenter study
《International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)》 2026 (8)
P.1573-1582,10
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