Toxicity-informed control of global PM_(2.5) emissionsOA
Fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))remains a leading environmental health risk,yet air pollution control policies typically assume equal toxicity across emission sources.Unravelling the unequal toxicities in global PM_(2.5) emissions can support more effective air pollution control.Here,we integrate cell-based toxicological profiles with global emission inventories to develop the first global dataset of toxicity-adjusted PM_(2.5) emissions.We show that global toxicity-adjusted emissions are dominated by residential solid-fuel combustion,and that hotspots of PM_(2.5) mass and toxicity diverge substantially,with the highest toxicities occurring largely in regions reliant on traditional biomass.Low-income countries exhibit disproportionately high toxicity-adjusted emissions relative to their energy use,revealing a strong global environmental inequity.Incorporating unequal toxicities reshapes emission-control priorities,shifting many countries from mass-dominated industrial or power sectors towards residential combustion.We propose a toxicity-informed framework for air pollution control,which is adaptable to diverse socioeconomic contexts and can enhance global health and sustainability.
Haotian Zheng;Shuxiao Wang;Xiangdong Li;Qing Li;Di Wu;Zbigniew Klimont;Dongxu Zhao;Lyuyin Huang;Zhaoxin Dong;Qingru Wu;Jingkun Jiang;Ling NJin;Hong He;Kebin He;Jincai Zhao;Qian Liu;Scott Weichenthal;Aaron J.Cohen;Jiming Hao
Nanjing-Helsinki Institute in Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability,School of Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China State Key Laboratory of Climate Resilience for Coastal Cities,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,Hong Kong,China Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,ChinaState Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability,School of Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Beijing 100084,ChinaState Key Laboratory of Climate Resilience for Coastal Cities,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,Hong Kong,ChinaDepartment of Environmental Science and Engineering,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,ChinaDepartment of Environmental Science and Engineering,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,ChinaEnergy,Climate and Environmental Program,International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis(IIASA),Laxenburg 2361,AustriaNanjing-Helsinki Institute in Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,ChinaState Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability,School of Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Beijing 100084,ChinaState Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability,School of Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China School of Environment and Energy,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center,Guangzhou 510006,ChinaState Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability,School of Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Beijing 100084,ChinaState Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability,School of Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Beijing 100084,ChinaState Key Laboratory of Climate Resilience for Coastal Cities,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,Hong Kong,China Department of Health Technology and Informatics,The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,Hong Kong,ChinaLaboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,ChinaState Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability,School of Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Beijing 100084,ChinaKey Laboratory of Photochemistry,Institute of Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,ChinaState Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,ChinaDepartment of Epidemiology,Biostatistics,and Occupational Health,McGill University,Montreal H3A1G1,CanadaHealth Effects Institute,Boston,MA 02108,USAState Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability,School of Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Beijing 100084,China
资源环境
PM_(2.5)toxicityglobal emission inventoryair pollution controlenvironmental inequity
《National Science Review》 2026 (11)
P.207-221,15
supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22188102 to S.Wang)the National Key Research and Development Program(2022YFC3702905 to S.Wang)the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong(T24508/22-N to X.D.L.and L.N.J.)the‘GeoX’Interdisciplinary Project of Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling,Nanjing University(20250210 to H.Z.)the special fund of State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability(25K06REST to H.Z.).
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