不同产区丹参的农艺性状与有效成分综合评价OA

Objective:To compare differences in root agronomic traits and major active components among Salvia miltiorrhiza germplasm resources from different producing areas,to conduct a comprehensive evaluation,and to screen superior germplasms.Methods:Fifty S.miltiorrhiza germplasm resources were collected from different origins,together with three closely related wild control samples,including S.yunnanensis and S.chinensis.These samples were subjected to uniform cultivation and field management.Then,the following parameters were measured:key root agronomic traits(fresh root weight,root length,thick-root diameter,phloem-to-xylem ratio,root number,and tertiary root number),as well as the mass fractions of sodium danshensu,salvianolic acid B,cryptotanshinone,tanshinone Ⅰ,and tanshinone ⅡA by ultra-performance liquid chromatography(UPLC),with total tanshinone(cryptotanshinone,tanshinone Ⅰ,and tanshinone ⅡA)mass fractions calculated.Characteristic indicators were screened by descriptive statistics,correlation analysis,cluster analysis,principal component analysis(PCA),orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA),and variable importance in projection(VIP).Subsequently,a comprehensive evaluation system was constructed using six indicators,namely fresh root weight,tertiary root number,phloem-to-xylem ratio,along with the mass fractions of sodium danshensu,salvianolic acid B,and total tanshinone.Finally,a comprehensive evaluation was performed by combining the entropy-weighted technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution(TOPSIS)method.Results:Significant differences were observed among S.miltiorrhiza germplasm resources from different producing areas,with fresh root weight ranging from 71.85 g to 1 146.54 g,salvianolic acid B mass fraction ranging from 3.535%to 7.844%,and total tanshinone mass fraction ranging from 0.038%to 0.933%.The three closely related wild control samples differed significantly from cultivated S.miltiorrhiza in root structure and active component accumulation.Correlation analysis revealed an association between total tanshinone accumulation and root structural traits such as tertiary root number and phloem-to-xylem ratio.PCA,OPLS-DA,and VIP analyses indicated that differences among germplasm resources were co-determined by active components and root traits.Entropy-weighted TOPSIS evaluation showed that the germplasm resources with top comprehensive performance were from Pingyi,Shandong(SD-PYI-01),Juancheng,Shandong(SD-JCH-01),and Yiyuan,Shandong(SD-YYU-01).Conclusion:S.miltiorrhiza germplasm resources from different producing areas demonstrate significant differences in agronomic traits and major active component contents.Root structural traits can serve as auxiliary criteria for preliminary quality screening.Furthermore,the comprehensive evaluation system constructed based on six indicators is applicable for screening superior germplasm.