小麦茎秆实心性状研究进展及育种应用OA
Research progress and breeding applications of wheat solid stem trait
小麦是全球最重要的粮食作物之一,为人类提供大量的膳食蛋白质和热量,但在生产上面临倒伏、麦茎蜂危害及极端天气等多重挑战,严重制约高产稳产目标的实现.小麦茎秆实心性状不仅能显著提升茎秆强度、增强抗倒伏能力,还可形成物理屏障抵御麦茎蜂侵染,同时,在干旱、高温等非生物逆境下具有更强的适应优势,是小麦抗逆育种的重要性状资源之一.本文系统综述了小麦茎秆实心性状的测定时期与方法、种质资源来源及创制利用、遗传表达特征与调控网络、主效QTL及功能基因定位、该性状与产量相关性状的协同关系和逆境适应机制等方面的研究进展,总结了当前研究中存在的争议与不足,最后对未来研究方向及应用前景进行展望,以期为小麦茎秆实心性状的遗传改良提供理论参考.
Wheat is one of the most important food crops globally,providing humans with substantial dietary protein and calories.However,its production is confronted with multiple challenges,such as lodging,wheat stem sawfly infestation,and extreme weather stress,which severely restrict the achievement of high and stable yield.Wheat solid stem not only significantly improves stem strength and enhances lodging resistance,but also forms a physical barrier to resist wheat stem sawfly infection.Meanwhile,it exhibits stronger adaptive advantages under abiotic stresses such as drought and high temperature,making it a crucial trait re-source for wheat stress-resistant breeding.This review systematically summarizes the research progress in aspects of the determi-nation period and methods of wheat solid stem trait,the origin,creation and utilization of germplasm resources,the genetic ex-pression characteristics and regulatory networks,the mapping of major QTLs and functional genes,as well as the synergistic rela-tionship between this trait and yield-related traits and the mechanism of stress adaptation.Additionally,the controversies and defi-ciencies existing in current research are summarized,and the future research directions and application prospects are prospected,aiming to provide theoretical basis for genetic improvement of wheat solid stem trait.
高旺南;孟天琪;孙兆鑫;尚旭阁;武军;刘玉秀
西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西 杨凌 712100西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西 杨凌 712100西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西 杨凌 712100西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西 杨凌 712100西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西 杨凌 712100西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西 杨凌 712100
小麦茎秆实心种质抗逆性产量
wheatstem solidnessgermplasmstress resistancegrain yield
《作物学报》 2026 (8)
2233-2243,11
本研究由国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFE0213400),陕西省重点研发计划项目(2024GH-ZDXM-07)和国家外专项目(H20240536,H20250550)资助.This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(2024YFE0213400),the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(2024GH-ZDXM-07),and the National Foreign Expert Program(H20240536,H20250550).
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