高速列车穿越地下车站气动压力缓解措施动模型试验研究OA

High-speed trains passing through underground stations generate significant aerodynamic effects,and effective mitigation measures are required to reduce aerodynamic pressure and ensure safe train operation.In this study,a moving model test method was adopted,and a 1︰20 scaled train-tunnel-station coupled model test platform was constructed to realistically replicate the complex aerodynamic phenomena during train passage through underground stations.The reliability of the test platform was verified through repeatability tests.The pressure variation characteristics on tunnel walls,platform screen door(PSD)surfaces,and partition walls were analyzed when the train speed reached 350 km/h.Furthermore,the influence mechanisms of piston ventilation shaft location and area,as well as the opening ratio of the tunnel buffer structure,were investigated from the perspectives of pressure wave propagation,reflection,and superposition.The results show that arranging piston ventilation shafts centrally on both sides yields the optimal pressure mitigation effect.The results show that increasing the area of the piston ventilation shafts effectively alleviates the pressure on PSD surfaces.In addition,increasing the opening ratio of the tunnel buffer structure significantly reduces the amplitude of micro-pressure wave at the tunnel portal.Specifically,at distances of 0.5,1.0 and 2.5 m from the exit,the micro-pressure wave amplitudes with a 19.2%opening ratio decrease by 18.83%,19.42%,and 34.09%,respectively,compared to those with an 11.5%opening ratio.These findings provide data support for evaluating the operational status of high-speed trains and for optimizing the design of pressure mitigation measures in tunnel-station systems.