钙蛋白酶3介导的核内蛋白水解途径研究进展OA

Calpain 3(CAPN3)is the sole member of the calpain family that possesses a nuclear localization signal.Although it was initially identified in skeletal muscle and was long regarded as tissue specific,recent studies have demonstrated that CAPN3 is widely expressed across multiple tissues,including the liver,and plays important roles in regulating substrate activity,stability,and subcellular localization.The confirmation of its nuclear presence has heightened interest in CAPN3-mediated intranuclear proteolytic pathways.This review summarizes recent advancements in CAPN3-mediated intranuclear proteolytic pathways,with a particular focus on the nucleolar digestive-organ expansion factor(DEF)-CAPN3 pathway,which is essential for maintaining nucleolar protein homeostasis,and the newly identified CAPN3-polycomb repressive complex 1(PRC1)pathway,which connects proteolysis with epigenetic regulation.Finally,potential avenues for future research are discussed.