多组学技术在家禽遗传育种中的应用进展OA

Omics is a branch of systems biology focused on the comprehensive study of a specific class of molecular populations within an organism.Single-omics refers to the independent analysis of one such molecular class using a single omics technology to reveal its systems-level roles and regulatory mechanisms,while multi-omics integrates data from multiple omics platforms for cross-analysis,enabling a deeper investigation into the overall function and mechanisms of biological systems.This review outlines the core methodologies of single-omics technologies—including genomics,transcriptomics,proteomics,metabolomics,and microbiomics—and their limitations in poultry genetic breeding.Building on this foundation,it introduces the technical advantages of multi-omics integration.The application progress of multi-omics in poultry breeding is then reviewed from the perspective of key economic traits such as meat production,meat quality,and egg production.In addition,this paper also analyzes the current challenges faced by multi-omics technology,and looks forward to the future development direction of multi-omics technology,in order to provide an important theoretical basis for accurate breeding of poultry.