基因组结构变异在地方猪资源保护与分子育种中的应用OA

Genomic structural variation(SV)represents a major category of genetic variation in the pig genome and contributes to breed differentiation,environmental adaptation,and the formation of economically important traits by altering gene copy numbers,disrupting regulatory sequences,and reshaping local genomic architectures.With the rapid development of whole-genome resequencing,long-read third-generation sequencing,and pangenomic technologies,research on SVs in indigenous pig breeds has gradually expanded toward the detection and population-scale analysis of diverse SV types,including deletions,insertions,duplications,inversions,translocations,and mobile element insertions.However,current studies still face several challenges,such as inconsistent classification criteria among SV types,limited comparability of detection results across different platforms,insufficient functional evidence for candidate loci,and weak foundations for breeding applications.This review article summarizes recent advances in the definition and classification of SVs,detection methodologies,distribution characteristics,and their applications in the conservation of indigenous pig genetic resources and molecular breeding.Furthermore,it is proposed that candidate SV loci should undergo reliable genotyping,independent population validation,and functional verification before they can be regarded as robust molecular markers for practical breeding programs.