猪低剂量输精技术研究进展OA

Artificial insemination(AI)in pigs has undergone over nearly a century,progressing from traditional cervical insemination to deep insemination,effectively reducing sperm dosage and significantly improving reproductive efficiency in pig farms.The movement,survival,and fertilization capacity of sperm within the sow are regulated by various factors,including transport dynamics,physiological barriers,and the oviduct microenvironment.Different semen types combined with deep insemination techniques also affect insemination outcomes.This article systematically reviews the development history of artificial insemination technology in pigs,the mechanisms of sperm movement and survival within the sow,the advancements in deep insemination technology,the effects of low-dose insemination with different semen types,and discusses existing problems and future research directions,aiming to provide a reference for the development of artificial insemination technology.