CD163基因编辑在猪抗蓝耳病育种中的应用OA

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome(PRRS),commonly known as blue ear disease,is a highly contagious disease caused by the PRRS virus(PRRSV).It leads to reproductive disorders in sows,such as abortion and fatal death,as well as respiratory disease in piglets,causing significant economic losses to the global pig industry.PRRSV exhibits strict host specificity,primarily infecting monocyte/macrophage lineages,particularly porcine alveolar macrophages(PAMs).Research indicates that the CD163 protein serves as a key receptor for PRRSV invasion of host cells.It contains nine scavenger receptor cysteine-rich domains(SRCR),with SRCR5 identified as the critical domain mediating PRRSV infection of host cells,making it a prime gene-editing target site for blocking PRRSV infection.Currently,precise deletion of the SRCR5 domain or the ligand-binding pocket(LBP)within the SRCR5 structure of CD163 using CRISPR/Cas9,or precise point mutation of key amino acids within the SRCR5 domain using base editors,has successfully yielded genetically edited pigs exhibiting complete or partial resistance to both Type Ⅰ and Type Ⅱ PRRSV infections,while effectively preserving normal physiological functions of the CD163 receptor,such as haemoglobin clearance.This paper systematically reviews research progress on CD163 gene editing in breeding PRRS-resistant pigs,aiming to provide reference for PRRSV prevention and control strategies.