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人工智能对我国就业的影响分析与对策研究OA

Analysis and Countermeasure Research on the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Employment in China

中文摘要英文摘要

人工智能技术的持续变革正在深刻改变我国劳动力市场格局,在推动效率提升与新型岗位涌现的同时,也引发了结构性失业、收入分配失衡等现实挑战.文章从微观企业行为、中观产业结构与宏观劳动力市场三个层面,系统分析人工智能技术对就业的作用机理.在此基础上,系统归纳人工智能对我国就业的现实影响及潜在风险,提出构建人工智能就业风险监测预警机制、健全转型就业援助保障机制、完善社会保障制度体系、强化全周期技能培训体系、深化跨部门政策协同治理体系的政策建议,以期为统筹推进技术创新与高质量充分就业协同发展、维护劳动力市场稳定运行提供理论参考与决策支撑.

The ongoing transformation driven by artificial intelligence(AI)is profoundly reshaping the landscape of China's labor market.While promoting efficiency gains and the emergence of new job types,AI also gives rise to practical challenges such as structural unemployment and income distribution imbalances.This paper systematically analyzes the mechanisms through which AI technology affects employment from three perspectives:micro-level firm behavior,mid-level industrial structure,and macro-level labor market.Based on this,it systematically summarizes the actual impact and potential risks of AI on employment in our country.Finally,the following policy suggestions are put forward:establishing an employment risk early warning mechanism for artificial intelligence,improving the guarantee mechanism for transitional employment assistance,perfecting the social security system,strengthening the full-cycle skills improvement system,and deepening the cross-departmental policy coordination governance system.The aim is to provide theoretical insights and decision-making support for promoting the coordinated development of technological innovation and high-quality full employment,while maintaining the stable functioning of the labor market.

孙嘉阳;刘雪颖

中国农业大学国际学院首都经济贸易大学劳动经济学院

社会科学

人工智能就业劳动力市场

Artificial intelligenceEmploymentLabor market

《中国人事科学》 2026 (6)

83-91,9

本文系国家社会科学基金青年项目"数智技术对银发消费的影响机制与政策研究"(项目编号:25CJY145)的阶段性成果.

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