蓝宝石单晶光纤包层化技术的演进与前瞻OA

Sapphire single-crystal fiber is an promising candidate material for optical sensing in extreme environments due to its excellent properties such as high-temperature resistance,corrosion resistance,radiation resistance and wide spectral transmission.However,most of the existing sapphire single-crystal fibers are non-cladding structures,which have problems such as weak mode confinement,high transmission loss and strong environmental sensitivity,which restrict their practical engineering applications.By constructing a low-refractive-index optical confinement structure outside or inside the sapphire single-crystal fiber,the cladding processing improves its transmission performance,improves the device level and expands the application scenarios.In this paper,the research progress in cladding technologies for sapphire single-crystal fiber is systematically reviewed.These technologies can be classified into three categories:external additive cladding techniques,internal modification cladding techniques,and micro-structured cladding techniques.The implementation principles,fabrication processes,representative studies,and performance characteristics of these technologies are summarized.The development status,technical features,and application potential of different cladding routes are also comparatively analyzed.On this basis,the development direction of sapphire single-crystal fiber cladding technology is prospected for extreme environment transmission and sensing applications.