沙戈荒光伏电站建设对生态环境的影响及研究现状分析OA

In the context of climate change and energy transition,solar energy has become the core of global low-carbon energy due to its large development potential,wide distribution,and economic feasibility.In the past five years,the global annual growth rate of photovoltaic installations has reached 40%to 50%.Large-scale photovoltaic construction not only helps reduce carbon emissions but also causes complex disturbances to terrestrial ecosystems.Studies have shown that photovoltaic arrays alter the surface radiation balance,regulate carbon fluxes and biogeochemical cycles,and trigger regional carbon circulation cascading responses,driving the evolution of ecological processes such as soil carbon storage stability and vegetation carbon sequestration efficiency.Constructing a cross-scale observation network is crucial for revealing the ecological effects of photovoltaic power stations,and it requires integrating microhabitat biological succession,mesoscale corridor connectivity,and regional biodiversity mechanisms.The shading effect of photovoltaic panels changes radiation fluxes and water and heat gradients,affecting microbial metabolism and nutrient cycling.Current research needs to integrate remote sensing data,in situ observations,and ecological process models to quantitatively analyze the spatiotemporal regulation of photovoltaic facilities on carbon budgets,explore the collaborative mechanism between photovoltaic space configuration and ecological service functions,and provide a basis for building a low-carbon and high-biodiversity energy system.