林下经济的"生态—经济"协同与权衡OA

As a vital industry balancing ecological conservation and income growth,the non-timber forest-based economy has triggered forest ecosystem degradation amid its extensive expansion.From the perspective of ecological-economic coupling,this paper systematically reviews relevant studies on how the non-timber forest-based economy affects forest ecosystem.It employs three mainstream research methods,namely field monitoring,experimental analysis and model simulation,and analyzes the patterns of how under-forest management activities influence forest ecological elements.The results indicate that:(1)There exists a non-linear relationship of synergy and trade-off between the non-timber forest-based economy and forest ecosystems.The development trend of both sides depends on whether the management intensity surpasses the threshold of ecological carrying capacity.(2)Moderate and low-disturbance practices can improve soil quality,optimize vegetation structure,conserve biodiversity and reduce soil erosion,thus achieving win-win outcomes for ecology and economy.Excessively intensive planting and breeding as well as disordered harvesting beyond the threshold will result in soil degradation,vegetation community destruction and ecosystem service functions damage,further creating a vicious cycle between ecological degradation and economic recession.Existing researches have such problems as the lack of integrated ecological-economic accounting,inadequate consideration of farmers'decision-making and community governance,and backward design of policies and market mechanisms.Accordingly,this paper proposes to establish an integrated ecological-economic accounting system,optimize management modes in light of farmers'behavioral characteristics,and formulate differentiated ecological compensation and market-oriented incentive policies.It is essential to abandon the single research perspective focusing merely on ecology or economy,incorporate ecological values into the economic analysis framework,and build a multi-dimensional research approach.