中国农地制度与林地制度的联动考察OA

Farmland system and forestland system constitute fundamental components of China's rural land system.A comparative study of the two systems can not only enhance institutional mutual learning and deepen reform,but also offer theoretical support and practical guidance for promoting rural common prosperity of farmers and rural areas through land system innovation.Based on the institutional change theory and modern property rights theory,this paper develops an integrated analytical framework for comparing property rights systems,and systematically analyzes the historical evolution paths and current allocation of property rights systems of China's farmland system and forestland system since the founding of the People's Republic of China from both vertical and horizontal dimensions.The main findings are as follows:(1)Both systems have transitioned from"farmer ownership with decentralized management"to"collective ownership with collective management"and then to"collective ownership with household management",but the overall reform of forestland system lags behind that of the farmland system.(2)Looking back on the historical changes of the two systems,the performance of institutional changes depends crucially on the dynamic trade-off between reform costs and benefits.The effective integration of mandatory change and induced change and the coordination of efficiency and equity are the keys to successful reform.(3)The current property rights allocation of the two systems covers the powers of use,income and disposition.Farmland property rights are relatively more complete,forestland property rights of public welfare forests are relatively strongly restricted,but have a slight advantage in terms of mortgage rights.These differences are important reasons for the different performances of the two land systems.(4)On the whole,the differences between the two systems in historical changes and property rights allocation are fundamentally rooted in their differences in ecological attributes,production characteristics and policy objectives.The innovation of this paper lies in incorporating the two systems into a unified analytical framework for a joint comparison,and revealing that the difference in resource attributes is the deep-seated reason for the differentiation of the two systems.Policy enlightenments:continue to promote the coordinated reform of farmland system and forestland system,optimize property rights allocation on the basis of balancing efficiency and equity,and realize the organic unity of mandatory and induced institutional changes,so as to promote common prosperity of farmers and rural areas.