葡萄籽原花青素对过氧化氢氧化损伤兔晶状体的保护作用OA

Objective To investigate the protective effects and molecular mechanisms of grape seed proan-thocyanidins against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative damage in rabbit lens and its lens epithelial cells.Methods Healthy rabbit lenses were randomized into five groups:normal control,model control(H2O2-dam-aged),low-mass concentration grape seed proanthocyanidin(25 μg/mL),medium-mass concentration(50 μg/mL),and high-mass concentration(100 μ g/mL).After 24 h culture,lens opacity and histopathology were assessed.Enzymatic activities(total superoxide dismutase,catalase,glutathione peroxidase)and malondialde-hyde levels were quantified using commercial kits.Immunohistochemistry evaluated BCL-2 and BAX protein expression.Results Lens opacity rates were 100％(model control)versus 10％(normal control),with inter-vention groups showing 80％(low),50％(medium),and 30％(high),respectively.Model control exhibited severe epithelial damage(cell detachment,disordered arrangement,irregular morphology,fiber breakage),while all treatments alleviated these changes.Antioxidant capacity was significantly decreased in model control(reduced enzyme activities,elevated malondialdehyde;all P<0.05 vs normal),partially reversed by medium/high-mass concentration interventions.Normal lenses showed higher BCL-2 than BAX protein expression,whereas model control demonstrated suppressed BCL-2,upregulated BAX protein,and decreased BCL-2/BAX protein ratio(P<0.01).All grape seed proanthocyanidin groups normalized protein expression and elevated the ratio.Conclusion Grape seed proanthocyanidins protect rabbit lenses and lens epithelial cells against H2O2-induced damage by enhancing antioxidant defenses and regulating apoptosis-related proteins BCL-2 and BAX expression.