考虑多运载约束的卡车-异构无人机多访问协同路径优化方法OA

This paper proposed a multi-visit collaborative routing optimization method with multiple transportation constraints to address the neglect of three-dimensional volume loading and drone heterogeneity in truck-drone collaborative delivery.It for-mulated a mixed-integer linear programming model to minimize total delivery completion time,incorporating constraints on drone payload capacity,three-dimensional volume loading,dynamic endurance,and drone heterogeneity.To solve the model efficiently,the study developed a multi-level hybrid intelligent optimization algorithm based on a time-load balancing strategy.The time-load balancing strategy enhanced local search capability,and the integration of an adaptive Q-learning reinforcement learning mechanism improved global search efficiency.Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm effectively im-proves solution quality and convergence speed.It achieves AN average improvement of over 20％in optimal solutions,with a coefficient of variation below 2.6％.The algorithm demonstrates superior performance in coordinating multi-drone tasks and optimizing transportation routes under multiple carrier constraints.Truck-multi-drone multi-visit collaborative delivery with three-dimensional volume loading and drone heterogeneity constraints better reflects real-world low-altitude logistics scenarios.