听障大学生心理健康潜在剖面分析及影响因素OA
Latent profile analysis of mental health among college students with hearing impairment and its influencing factors
目的:探讨听障大学生心理健康的潜在类别及其影响因素.方法:采用目的抽样法,以全国21所残疾人(听障)单独招生考试高校的听障大学生为研究对象,运用横断面调查设计,采用一般资料问卷和一般健康问卷(GHQ-12)进行数据收集,通过潜在剖面分析识别听障大学生心理健康的潜在类别,并采用多元Logistic回归分析听障大学生心理健康影响因素.结果:听障大学生心理健康可划分为低风险组—心理弹性型(29.604％)、中风险组—心理适应型(17.974％)和高风险组—心理困扰型(52.422％)3种潜在类别,其中高风险组—心理困扰型比例最高.Logistic回归分析显示,男性(OR=1.544,P＜0.05)、听力损伤程度为一级聋(OR=4.438,P＜0.01)、家庭所在地为农村(OR=1.762,P＜0.01)是中风险组—心理适应型听障大学生的影响因素;男性(OR=1.497,P＜0.01)、先天型听力损伤(OR=0.660,P＜0.01)、1个子女家庭(OR=0.450,P＜0.01)或2个子女家庭(OR=0.526,P＜0.05)、民主型父母教养方式(OR=0.550,P＜0.01)、采用说话(唇语)(OR=0.500,P＜0.05)或手语口语结合(OR=0.387,P＜0.01)是高风险组—心理困扰型听障大学生的影响因素.结论:听障大学生心理健康存在显著群体异质性,性别、听力损伤程度、听力类型、家庭所在地、家庭子女个数、父母教养方式、最常用交流方式是听障大学生心理健康潜在剖面的影响因素,应针对不同潜在类别及影响因素制定差异化干预策略.
Objective:To explore the latent classes of mental health among college students with hearing impair-ment and their influencing factors.Methods:A purposive sampling method was adopted,targeting college students with hearing impairment from 21 universities across China that offer separate entrance examinations for students with disabilities.A cross-sectional survey design was employed,and data were collected using a general information questionnaire and the 12-item General Health Questionnaire(GHQ-12).Latent profile analysis was conducted to i-dentify latent classes of mental health among college students with hearing impairment,and multivariate logistic re-gression was used to analyze the influencing factors.Results:The mental health of college students with hearing im-pairment could be classified into three latent classes:The low-risk group-psychological resilience type(29.604％),the moderate-risk group-psychological adaptation type(17.974％),and the high-risk group-psychological dis-tress type(52.422％),with the high-risk group accounting for the largest proportion.Logistic regression analysis showed that being male(OR=1.544,P＜0.05),having a first-degree hearing loss(OR=4.438,P＜0.01),and resi-ding in a rural area(OR=1.762,P＜0.01)were influencing factors for college students with hearing impairment in the moderate-risk group-psychological adaptation type.For the high-risk group-psychological distress type,in-fluencing factors included being male(OR=1.497,P＜0.01),congenital hearing loss(OR=0.660,P＜0.01),being from a family with one child(OR=0.450,P＜0.01)or two children(OR=0.526,P＜0.05),democratic parenting style(OR=0.550,P＜0.01),and using speech(lip-reading)(OR=0.500,P＜0.05)or a combination of sign lan-guage and speech(OR=0.387,P＜0.01)as the primary mode of communication.Conclusion:There is significant het-erogeneity in the mental health of college students with hearing impairment.Gender,degree of hearing loss,type of hearing impairment,family location,number of children in the family,parenting style,and primary mode of commu-nication are influencing factors for the latent profiles of mental health among college students with hearing impair-ment.Differentiated intervention strategies should be developed based on different latent classes and their influencing factors.
周敏;徐艺宁;向松柏
乐山师范学院特殊教育学院 614000||西华师范大学教育学院乐山师范学院特殊教育学院 614000||特殊教育语言智能四川省哲学社会科学重点实验室乐山师范学院特殊教育学院 614000||特殊教育语言智能四川省哲学社会科学重点实验室
医药卫生
听障大学生心理健康潜在剖面分析家庭教养方式
College students with hearing impairmentMental healthLatent profile analysisParenting style
《中国健康心理学杂志》 2026 (8)
1168-1175,8
中国残疾人联合会专项课题(编号:2023CDPFHS-17)
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