间充质干细胞低温保存中的损伤机制及保护剂研究进展OA

Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)demonstrate significant application potential in veterinary regenerative medicine and clinical therapy due to their multipotent differentiation capacity,immunomodulatory functions,and paracrine repair properties.However,numerous factors influence the efficacy of MSCs during the translation process from laboratory preparation to clinical application.Among these,cell preservation and transportation constitute critical bottlenecks limiting the stability and reproducibility of therapeutic outcomes.Low temperature,a primary method for maintaining cell viability and function,can induce distinct types of cellular damage under both long-term cryopreservation and short-term refrigeration conditions.This review systematically summarized the major physiological injury types and their molecular mechanisms faced by MSCs during cryopreservation,with a focus on elucidating the regulation of cold stress by ferroptosis signaling pathways under refrigeration.Building upon this foundation,the review further summarized the characteristics and applicability of three types of cryopreservation media and systematically analyzed the mechanisms of action and application progress of five functional cryoprotectants,aiming to provide theoretical foundations and technical references for establishing an efficient,safe,and standardized cryopreservation system for pet MSCs.