妊娠哺乳相关性骨质疏松症的现状及研究进展OA

Pregnancy-and lactation-associated osteoporosis(PLO)is a rare but likely underrecognized disor-der characterized by fragility fractures occurring during late pregnancy or the postpartum lactation period.Although its true prevalence is probably underestimated,the etiology and pathogenesis of PLO remain incompletely understood,highlighting the need for greater clinical awareness and a more systematic understanding of this condition.Based on current evidence,this review summarizes the epidemiological characteristics,risk factors,and potential pathogenic mechanisms of PLO,as well as alterations in bone turnover markers,patterns of skeletal involvement,and recent advances in diagnosis and man-agement.In addition,recommendations regarding pharmacological management during the lactation period are discussed,with particular emphasis on medication safety and standardized therapeutic strategies.This review aims to provide clini-cians with a practical framework for the diagnosis,treatment,and long-term management of patients with PLO.