南疆引进大豆种质资源产量相关农艺性状鉴定与综合评价OA

Soybean(Glycine max)is an important crop used for grain,oil and feed.Southern Xinjiang is endowed with abundant light and heat resources and a large diurnal temperature difference,which facilitates dry matter accumulation and creates favorable conditions for soybean production in China.To screen suitable soybean accessions from 95 soybean germplasms for Southern Xinjiang cultivation,six agronomic traits,including pods number per plant,seeds weight per plant,effective branches number,plant height,first pod height and number of pod-bearing nodes were evaluated at the Poskam Soybean Breeding Base(Kashgar,Xinjiang)in 2023 and 2024.The results showed that the coefficient of variation for the six traits ranged from 8.87％to 69.34％,with the largest effective branches number and the smallest number of pod-bearing nodes.Correlation analysis showed that plant height was significantly positively correlated with number of pod-bearing nodes,pods number per plant and seeds weight per plant.Meanwhile,first pod height was significantly negative correlated with number of pod-bearing nodes,effective branches number,and pods number per plant.Principal component analysis showed that six traits attributed to two principal component factors,with a cumulative contribution rate of 69.80％.The soybean germplasm was divided into four major groups.Group Ⅰ including six germplasms such as Changnong 45,Liaodou 59,and Changnong 39;Group Ⅱ includeding 30 germplasms such as Jiyu 554,Ha 18-1909,and Changnong 30;Group Ⅲ including 53 varieties such as Suinong 53,Dongnong 98,and Dongnong 71;Group Ⅳ including six varieties such as Dongnong 96,Ha n21-072,and Henong 76,in which Group Ⅰ exhibited higher yield,and Group Ⅳ presented lower plant height and higher first pod height and was suitable for mechanized harvesting.The research findings offer support for super-high yield soybean breeding and cultivation in Southern Xinjiang,which is vital to safeguaring food security.